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G4 W DIGKIB 6 Sheets-Sheet 1'. APARATUS FOR DRANING MINES.

Patented Mam. 11,' 18845 K w r l llGlA' 4 4 QWMU. El. WHR@ E? E W\ a 3A;

(No Model.) W- DICKIE 6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

APPARTUS FOR DRAININ-G'MINES.

No. 294,859. Pmnteamar; 11, 1884. 1

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G. W.. DIGKIE. f 4 APPARATUS FR DRAINING MINES. No. 294,859. PatentedMam. 11, 1884..

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mm@ G; W. BGKIE. APPARATUS FOR DAAINING MINES. No. 294,859. PatentedMain-1 1, 1884.

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(No Model.)

G. wfmoKIB. APPARATUS FOR DRAINING MINES.

Paten @.Mar. 11, 1884.

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. APPARATUS-,PGR DRAINING MINES. 8 A No. 294,859. Patented Mar. ll,1884.

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GEORGE XV. DICKIE, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE ItISDONIRON AND LOCOMOTIVE XVORKS, OF SAME PLACE.

lAPPARATUS FOR DRAINlNG MINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 294,859, dated March11, 1884.

.\.pplication lled December 22, 18S-2.

To (/,I/f M1/1771, it 'may co/tcel'lt:

Be it known that l', GEORGE W. Dioxin, a .citizen of the United States,residing at San Francisco, State of California, have invented a new andImproved Apparatus for Draining Mines, of which the following isaspecication.

My invention relates generally to minedraining machinery, and especiallyto such machinery as is employed in mines which are being constantlyincreased in depth; and` it consists in certain combinations of parts,described in detail in the specification, and specifically pointed outin the claims.

The object of my invention is to lessen the cost of machinery for thepurpose intended; `to avoid much ofthe liability to derangement fromaccident, wear, or tear; to economi'e the power expended, and thusincrease its et'- fective capacity, and generally to improve thefacilities for operating the whole and the parts in detail.

The invention may be otherwise adapted than as herein stated, as to thewhole or any of its parts, for analogous uses.

In the accompanying six sheets of drawings the figures areconsecutivelynumbered. v

OnP Sheet 1, Figure l is aseetional elevation of a mining-shaft at andabout the station where my hydraulic engine or actuating-rams operate.Fig. 1^ is a continuingpart ofthe same view at and near the `sump orbottom of the shaft, showing my sinking-pump in position and itspipe-connections with the parts above. These figures illustrate myinvention in gross; but to make it more thoroughly understood, I havedrawn the various elemental parts to a larger scale upon separa-tesheets.

On Sheet 2, illustrating my sinking-pump, Fig. 2 is a longitudinalsectional elevation taken through both pump and side-ram cylinders. Fig.3 is a similar elevation, but taken crosswise of the previous viewthrough Vone of the two pairs of side-rain cyliders. Fig. 4 is anexterior elevation, looking from in front and viewing all theram-cylinders with the pump between. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic plan,showing more clearly the cross connecting-pipes for each pair ofrain-cylinders, and also the side guides.

Sheet 3 illustrates my hydraulic engine or actuating-rams, Fig. G beinga plan of same, partly in section; Fig. 7, a side elevation, and Fig. 8an end view. Fig. Sl isa'diagrammatic elevation of the mainvalve-operating mechanism,\vhich, for clearness of illustration, doesnot follow the precise relative positions of the p parts as in actualconstruction.

Sheet a illustrates my hydraulic lift and lowerer for the pump and theparts therewith related, Fig. 9 being a cross-sectional elevation of theram-cylinder, with ram and lifting rods in place; Fig. 10, an exteriorelevation, viewed from a point facing the supportingbeam 5 Figs. 1l and12, sectional and exterior elevations, respectively, of the sliding joint for pressure-pipes of pump.- Fig. 13 is an isometric'al view ofchock-block used in connection with the hanging rods` of pump.

Sheet 5 illustrates the safety equalizingvalves to regulate'the strokeof pump, Fig. 1I being a front elevation of thevalves and theiroperating parts, the valves being in section; Fig. 15, an edge or sideview of the same.

Sheet (3 illustrates the pump, air-chamber, and valves for hydrauliclift, Fig. 16 being a broken sectional elevation of the air-chamber, andFig. 17 a sectional elevation of the valves.

In all the gures similar letters and numloersl refer to similar pants.

General description/.TThis apparatus is primarily actuated by a supplyof water under pressure, the pressure being due either to the elevation.of the source or the,V action of a pressure-engine ot' any suitablekind. Having first arranged for this water-pressure, the particularmanner of producing which, it will be understood, is no part of thisAinvention, it is made to operate what may be called anactuating-enginean engine set generally at a station near the bottom ofthe shaft of the mine. This actuating-engine consists of six cylindersin two sets of three each, one set being secured upon each end of ahorizontal frame opposing the other set. The middle cylinders otl eachset receive the water under pressure, alternating with the correspondingcylinder of the other set.

they are supplied and exhausted alternately, the rams which enter themare forced forward and backward to carry with them a cross- IOO head, tothe ends of which, two projecting forward and the other two backward,are atthese side rams are pushed into their respective cylinders by thewater-pressure act-ing upon the end areas of the middle rams willrepresent the amount of power which will be transmitted through theconnecting-pipes to the pump below. This pump, which I call mysinking-pump,77 like the actuating-engine, has six cylinders similarlyarranged as before, but standing vertically or upon au ineline, tocorrespond with the shaft of the mine. The water under pressure to moveit comes alternately froln the back and forward pair of side cylindersof the actuating-engine through pipes,which have long sliding joints topermit the lifting and lowering of t-he pump. The pump has a hollowdifferential plunger, with a discharge-valve opening upward within itsinterior, and a similar suction-valve below the point to which theplunger recedes. The part of the plunger working in the lower cylinderis just twice the area ot' the part working in the upper cylinder, thewater passing up through the center of both into the verticaldischarge-pipe,which forms a direct continuation'otthiswater-conduit.)ts theplun'gersrise a quantity ofwater equal tothe full area oftheupper plunger multiplied by its stroke isdisplaced in and thrown out ofthe dischargepipe, and a quantity of water equal tothe area ofthe lowerplunger multiplied by its stroke is permitted to enter the lowercylinder by suction. lever-sing the stroke, as the plungers fall, aquantity of water equal to the area multiplied bythe stroke of the lowerplunger is displaced in the lower cylinder and forced up through bothplungers into the discharge-pipe; but inasmuch as the receding of theupperplungerI at the same time takes place, but half the volume ot' thiswater is ,thrown out of the discharge-pipe, the other half beingnecessary to take the place vacated by the receding upper plunger. Thus,while the pump has a continuous and unvarying discharge, it receives itssupply by suction only on its upstroke. The discharge-pipe empties intoa tank at the same level with the actuating-engine, and it is from thistank the other stationary pumps ot the mine, if there be any, take theirsupply. There is placedl upon a cross-beam at the proper place in theshaft of the mine7 above the station where the actuating-engine islocated, a hydraulic lifting and lowering jack. This is simply a ramworking in a cylinder, into which the available pressure from the pipesleading to the aetuatingfengine is admitted to lift the ram, and with itto pull up certain side suspensory rods, which are fastened to the pumpbelow. This ram is controlled and operated by suitable valves at thestation where the actuator is placed. The actuating-engine is used as anintermediate between the original power and the pump, because it isimpraett cable to apply the pressure direct, as the mechanism forreversing the stroke could not well be att-ached tio a pump working atthe bottom of a mine. The valves and the valve-gear are all on theaetuatingengiueahe pump itselfhaving no other valves than those withinits interior, Ythe pipes connecting between the pump and the actuatorbeing also without valves. Besides, as the pump sinks lower in the mineand a greater power is necessary to elevate the water, no arrangementcould be effected for adjusting the proportion between the power appliedand the effective work done so well as results l'rom the employment ofthe actuat ing-cngine, which may be adjusted to the work in hand, aswill be shown further on.

T/zc actua'li'ar/-cn//ne.-ln the drawings, in Fig. l, theactuating-engine is shown in an underground chamber, the water from thesump being raised only to this level to be raisedv higher by anysuitable means. The action, however, would be the same if the enginewere placed on top ofthe shat'tand no other pumping system wereemployed. ln the Figs. (i, 7, S, and Si, Sheet 3, all the parts whichareneeessary to describe are shown. ln Fig. 6, A13 A are three cylirulers east side by side together, and bolted on one end ol'a frame, (j.A l5 A. are three other cylinders ofthe same kind, bolted on the otherend facing the first set, with a space between to accommodate the travelofthe crosshead D. From this cross-head there are projccted threepiungers, li l? l, into the cylinders A B A, and three others, E l1V l',into the cylinders A. l A', all the cylinders having stufting-box headsand glands. The cylinders A A are connected with each other by the pipe(l, and the cylinders ik A/ by the pipe a, thus making the exit-holes bcommon to the pair ol' c vlinders with which they connect. The middlecylinders, B B, are alternately connected, through a peculiar valvesystem, with a high-pressure column of water, the opposing cylinder atthe time being relieved therefrom. The pressure, being thus applied uponthe ends ofthe center plungcrs, is transmitted through the side plungersto give a corresponding pressure to the water filling the side cylindersopposite. The eomlfiinedareas of each two side plungers being equal tothe area ofthe opposite middle plunger, the pressure transmitted will bethe same, though any pressure can be given by varying the proportionsbetwecn side and middle plungcrs. It' it is desired to give morepressure from one end ofthe engine than from the other-so as,

.for instance, to provide for the lifting ot' a heavy verticalpump-plunger at one stroke,

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which in falling on the return-stroke gives back the power expended inlifting it-the matter must be considered in calculatingthe proper areasofthe various plungers. Itis not absolutely necessary, however, in thisrespect that any particular accuracy of proportion should IBO bemaintained. G G are the main pressure-supply valves, and II II are theexhaust or pressure-relief valves, the opening and closing of which areeffected by the opening and closing of certain small valves with whicheach is con nected. These small valves are shown in a row of eight at I,a black line showing the connecting-pipes. A general understanding ofthis valve system maybe given here,though for precise details my otherapplication must be referredto. All the valvesGGHandHare alike, and arecommon in effect with ordinary automatic check-valves, though a peculiarshape and arrangement are given in this instance. All have a tendency tolift from a pressure below, and are only kept closed by a superiorpressure above. This superior pressure above is obtained from the samepressure-column by giving the valve more area on top than underneath.Asmall pipe, coming from the nest of eight valves at I, leads into thechamber above each valve, and ifthis small pipe is connected with thepressure column the valve will for this reason be kept firmly closed;but if the pipe, on the contrary, is connected with an open escape-pipe,and any pressure at all is below the valve, then it will immediatelyopen. Now, it is the office of the nest of eight valvesr at I to connector switch these small pipes above named alternately to thepressure-column and the open discharge, to effect at the end of everystroke the opening or closing of each of the main valves. These mainvalves must be opened or closed, as it may be, consecutively, asfollows: First, shut the pressure-valve on the end, then finishing itsstroke; second, close t-he opposite end exhaust-valve, third, open theremaining` exhaust -valve; fourth, open the remaining pressure-valve tocommence the next stroke. Of course all these movements could not beobtained if the motion to open and close the valves were the motion ofthe rams direct, for they instantaneously stop and do not move a hairsbreadth between the closing of one pressure-val ve and the opening ofthe other. Therefore it is n'ecessary that some auxiliary mechanismshould be employed to operate these small valves, which, though operatedprimarily by the motion of the rams, is afterward capable of movingindependent thereof. This auxiliary mechanism is the same as I havedescribed in aprevious application; but for convenience I will give, ingeneral terms, a short account of it here. There is a short horizontalshaft directly under the nest of eight valves at I. On this shaft areeight sudden-trip cams. As' the shaft turns, the cams are made so as tosuddenly lift each val ve-stem and keep it lifted till the proper timecomes for dropping it. All the cams are alike as tothrow and duration oflift. The shaft is turned slowly by a rack-gear, engaging with a pinion,which is secured to the middle of it in practice, but for clearness Ihave put it on the end in the diagram Fig. St, the rack-gear being acontinuation of or an attachment to a rod carrying a piston, which worksin a closed vertical cylinder above. To raise and lower the rack, andthus turn the cams to the right or to the left, water-pressure isadmitted above or below the piston. This is effected by opening orclosing certain valves or cocks, which'alternately connect thepressure-column with the bottom or top of the cylinder, of coursesimultaneously, exhausting the opposite end. These last valves aresuddenly tripped to open and close when the cross-head D, upon which atwisted trip-cam is secured, arrives at the end of its stroke, for thenthis trip-cam engages a little projecting knob secured on a rod, whichis set parallel with the main rams, and turns the rod partlyaround,which act, through intermediate mechanism, operates upon thesevalves. There must be a regulation of speed of travel of the engine, andthis is accomplishedrby a regulation of the speed of the valve-movement,which is adjusted withinlimits by opening or closing two cocks, whichcontrol theainount ofwater admittedinto the piston-cylinder. There isasmall leakage Vlia-ble to occur in this engine from imperfect joints.This escaped water is resupplied in the side-ram cylinders by a pipe, J,with .ordinary check-valves at J J, which lead from the tank into whichthe pump discharges, the resupply occuring on the stroke when -the highpressure is removed from the respective cylinders. There is not alwaysneeded the same amount of power from the engine, for at first thepumping is but from a slight depth, and later it may be from a verygreat depth, as the mine is deepened. This matter is provided for byattaching to the ends of the middle rams supplemental reducing-sleeves BB, which pass through stuffing-box heads at the back end of each middlecylinder. These sleeves reduce the effective'areas of the main rams andeconomize the expenditure of power. There should be about three sizes,and the stuffing-boxes must be fitted with removable bushings, -toaccommodate the different sizes used. They must tightly butt against andbe very firmly secured to the main rams by a bolt passing,longitudinally through the end of the main ram andthe entire length ofthe reducing-sleeve. The nut of these bolts is shown at b. Strongtie-rods should be used to connect between the faces of the sidecylinders, for simply bolting to the frame C may not give sufficientsecurity. In the figures of the drawings the different pipesare properlyidentified as to their functions, and further mention thereof is notnecessary here. At the back end of each side cylinder there is provideda rubber-spring buffer, c, to receive the ram in case it should overrunits proper stroke, as in Figs. 2 and 3.

Sinking@Jump-This is fully illustrated on Sheet 2, to which alone Iwillrefer under this head. L M L are three cylinders, cast side by sidetogether, which, when in use, stand vertically above three othercylinders, L M L',

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the sides.

a proper distance below. Stout pillars or ticrods N connect the two setstogether, in 'con- `iunetionwith the irons forming the side guides, O,which are continuous irons fastened to both All the c vlinders havestuffing-box heads at the ends which face each other. A cross-head, l?,is the common connection between the six pl angers Q lt Q and Qt lt QQ.which plungers enter, respectively, the upper and lower cylinders. Theside plungers are forced up and down by the pressure of water comingfrom the actuatingengine above, transmitting their action through thecrosshead to the middle plungers, which form part ot` the pumpingdevice. The pipes conveying water under pressure from the actnating-engine connect with only one side cylinder above and one below,cross-pipes s t3. carrying the pressure to the other side cylinder ot'each pair. Then thehigh pressure comesthrough one pipe, the otherhasonly a pressure due to its distance below the actuating-engine-apressure which need not` be regarded, for both pipes are always balancedin this respect.-

There is no water supplied or consumed between the actuating-engine andthe pump beyond the original charge in thc pipes and cylinders, savingthat there may be a little leakage, heretofore referred to, which mustbe re supplied. The pump-plunger 'l llt is in two parts, the lower part,lt', having the cross-head cast upon it and the upper part, li, beingfitted into it, as clearly indicated in the drawings. The part wherethejoint is made must be well iitted and secu red from leakage. Theoutside area ot' the lower plunger ought to be double that ot' the upperplunger, though great accuracy ot' proportion is not required. T is acommon dislevalve, with a rubber facing, properly guided by a roundcenter stem working in a slotted hole in the concave bottoni ofthe upperplunger, a knob on top of this stem being provided, so that when theupper plunger is lifted out for examination or repair the valve will bedrawn up with it. The slotted hole `forthe stem is cut through to theoutside of the plunger, and an open place is provided in the side ot'the plunger to pass the knob of the stem through, so that when the valveis to be removed it can be drawn out sidewise on the line of the planeofits face. The seat for this valve is east with the larger plunger, asshown. Th-ere is an annular s paee between the interior and exterior ofthe two plungers, where they are telescoped one into the other,sufficient to give free passage tothe discharging water, which passesinto the center of the plunger through the openings r in the side of theupper plunger. Ot' these openings there may be three or four. YU is thesuction-valve, also opening upward, similar in form to the valve T, buthaving no stem. It must therefore be guided to maintain its cent `alposition by wings east at the side ot` the barrel, and to prevent itslifting too high ab 'aeket projects overit, which is cast on the insideof a cover, d, which closes an opening through which this valve isintroduced to its place. The suction-strainer or wind-bore Y is clearlyshown, and needs no elaborate description. The pump is guided to belifted and lowered plumb by being held between stout side posts fastenedto the timbers ofthe mine, the posts being inclasped by the double angleor channel irons O. V is the dischargecolumn, which leads to the tankthrough a sliding joint, hereinafter to be described in detail. Thispump may be said tohave no valves excepting the suction and dischargevalves; but inasmuch as its stroke is reversed by the operation of theactuating-engine, it may be considered that the engine and pump are buttwo ends of the same machine. There is a possibility that the time ofthepump-that is to say, the instant of its arrival at the end ot' astroke-may vary from that et' the actuatingengine. lt' this is notprovided against, thc pump-rams might, continuing their travel7 strikethe eylinder-hezuls and cause damage. To avoid this ditliculty there areprovided twin valves X, which so operate as that when the pump reachesthe end ot" its stroke', andwithoutret'ereneetotheactionoftheactuatingengi ne, oneor other ofthetwin valves istripped open, accordingly as it may be upon the up or thedown stroke, and a communication opened between the upper and lowercylinders and pipes connectingbetween. These twin valves will be furtherdescribed in detail under a separate head. The pump is suspended fromhanging-rods, but when at work it may reston the bottom ot' the shaft'ot' the mine. The pump has a peculiar airchamber and an ap paratus tolift and lower it, to a description of which a separate head will bedevoted, because as these details are drawn on separate sheets it willbe more convenient to do so. The operation of the pump is brieflysuggested before. (See general description.)

JLqnuZiii/zy-tcttcs /brpznap -()n Sheet .j the details olf these twinvalves and their operatA ating mechanism is shown. l l are twincylinders having annular valve-seats at just below where the pipes 2 2'enter. il 3 are the valves. These are simply small leugt'hs ot' a rodturned at the top, so as to looselytill the cylinder; then below turnedso much less to form a valve-disk and to give room for the water to passbetween its rim and the side ot' the cylinder, then turned to forni alifting stem still smaller than the inside diameter ot` the valve-seat,and'at the bottom turned exactly the same diameter as the inside of theValve-seat and cylinder in which it plays up and down. lrom thevalve-seats up,the cylindei's are boreda tritle larger than the outerdiameter ofthe valves, and a screw-thread is cut at the-top to receivethe plugs Lt t. Below the valve-seatsthere is a communicatingpassage, 5,between the cylinders, and from above the valve-seats the pipe 2 leadsdirect-ly into one of the upper side cylinders of the TOO IIO

stroke.

pump, the pipe 2 leading indirectly to the lower side cylinders throughthe pressurepipe, which is near by. Directly under these twin valves arethe lifting-stems 6 6,which are simply straight rods passing downthrough a stuffing-box and gland at the bottom of the cylinders, toproject an inch or so below. A head or collar at top of these stemsabout fills the chamber of the valve-stems, being madea little largerthan the hole the stem passes through. There are spiral springs' 7 7interposed between the bottom of the plugs and the top of the valves, toinsure their being seated when there is no pressure below. S S' arebell-cranks, swinging independently of each other on a cross-shaft, 9,which is supported in bearings 10 10', cast on the same bracket, 11,which carries the valve-cylinders. One limb of each bell-crank standshorizontally and terminates with aV boss, through which a set-screwpasses tostand plumb under the stem of each valve. The other limb`ofeach bellcrank stands vertically, and has a beveled point to correspondwith the wedges which operate them. There is a lonfrfflat bar, 12, whichis guided in a recess between the back face of the bracket 11 and theflange 13, which is cast on one of the upper side cylinders of the pump.The lower end of this bar is attached by a stud-bolt to the cross-head,of the pump, and the exact point of attachment may be varied or adjustedwithin a few inches, the hole in the bar to receive the boltbeing aslotted one. On this bar are two tripping-wedges, 14 14Jone at thetop,at the right-hand edge, firmly riveted thereto, and the other nearthe bottom at the left-hand edge, this latter being madewith a base alittle wider than the bar itself, with overlapping edges to act asguides to keep it plumb. A long slotted hole is on the vertical centerline of this base-plate, and a stud passes through it into the bar, witha nut to be tightened when Vsecuring Athe tripwedge in position. Thepoints of the upper and lower trip -wedges are beveled otl" at about thesame angle as the limbs of the bellcranks. These trip-wedges are soplaced on the bar in relation to the stroke of the pump and the positionof the bell-cranks as to effeet the tripping or opening oi' the valvesjust at the' instant the end of the stroke is completed, the upper wedgeacting on the Vdownstroke and the lower wedge acting on the up- Thevertical limbs of the bell-cranks being pushed ont, when, by the motionof the cross head, the wedges make contact with them, and the horizontallimbs being thereupon raised up, the set-screws impinge upon thevalve-stems and the valves are raised. Vhen either one of the two valvesis lifted to admit the pressure from above it through to under theadjoining valve, this latter valve is lifted and the pressure passesthrough the pipe tothe opposite end of. the pump, and all inotionimmediately ceases. Afterward, as soon as the pressure is released fromone pipe and thrown on the other by the action of the engine above, thenthe last-opened valve closes, and the wedge which opened the first valveltraveling back again, the other valve closes,

too. Of course it may be that the pump and engine shall work soaccurately together as not to bring these valves into operation. Theyare simply used for precautionary purposes.

The ttzr-oesseZ.-On sheet G, Fig. 16, the airchamber K is illustrated.This is simply an inclosed envelope surrounding thedischargepipe,commencing immediatelyabovethepump and extending fromfifteen to twenty feet up The top and bottom of this vessel are formedof cast-iron chambers, to which the plate iron pipe envelope is riveted.The bottom chamber carries a bowl in its center, supported from thesides by brackets. Into this the main discharge-pipe dips about threeinches, ample room being given around and between the edge of thedischarge-pipe and the inside ofthe bowl. for the water to pass. Thechamber under the bowl narrows to the diameter of the discharge-pipe.The discharge-pipe, after passing through the contracted mouth of theupper chamber, rests its joint-flanges thereon, and is bolted to aflange provided to receive it. LTnst below this point there are providedclamp-boxes with caps to bolt thereon. These receive thepressure-pipesand hold them an exact distan ce apart, so that they may be in alignmentwith the sliding joints above. The joints of the plates of the envelopeshould be made by butting the edges together and riveting a hoop outsideover the joint, for these j oints have to take the whole weight of. thepipe, and it would not do to depend on rivets alone. In taking waterfrom the sump, much air is received into the pump. This will beseparated at the rim of the bowl, the air passing up into the envelopedspace around the pipe, and the water passing on through thedischarge-pipe in the middle. A cock or valve may be provided on theouter chamber to blow off when the accumulation of air is above adesired point. A discharge pipeand cock may also be used to periodicallylead off any sedimentary accumulations from the bottom of the bowl.

Hydraulic lift and telescopicjoint-Sheet 4 exhibits this element of thesystem in detail, though a general idea can be obtained from Fig. 1.Across the shaft of the mine there is a strong girder, 15, of wood oriron., To this is bolted an upright c ylindcr, 16, closed at the bottom,and having a stuffing-box and gland at the top. In this cylinder is theram 17, which in rising, when a water-pressure is in troduced into thecylinder at the bottom, carries with it the cross-key 18,which rests nits head. This key enters any of the opposite slotted holes in the sidestraps, 19, and, as it is raised,earries the straps with it. To theseside straps hanging rods are attached by suitable link-joints, as shown,21, these4 rods being joined in lengths of eight `or ten feet IOO IIO

6 fuldg by a fork on the lower end of the rod slipping over a flattenedend on the top of the rod it joins with, a pin being passed throughboth. At the upper end ot' each rod t-here must be a shouldersuch as isshown at 22- st-rong enough to carry the whole weight of the pump. Fromthe girdcr direct 'there depend two swinging rods, 23, having cach aforked joint at 2l, with pin passing through, as shown. The lower endsof these swinging rods carry a stout cross-bar, 25, having notches ateach end, as shown, yto receive and tit around the hanging rods underthe shoulders. Vheu these bars are swung under the shoulders,the rodsabove, whichj oin onto the straps, may be removed, as the pump will thenhang from the girder direct Then, if thepump is to be .further raised,the plunger is permitted to fall to its lowest point by releasing thepressure, and the straps being then in a position to be joined with thcnext rods,a new lift may be made. The straps pass through slots in heavylugs cast on the top of the cylinder, as at 2G. To provide f'or thehanging of the pump at points between those to be attained by adding orremoving lengths of rods, Ipass short keys, 2T, through any ofthe slotsin the straps, and when these keys rest on top of the lugs they willsupport the pump and eolumn below. \Vhen. this is done,the swinging rodsbefore named will be out of service.

The pipe which supplies the water under pressure to the cylinder isalternately connected with the high-pressure column andthebalance-column or the open tank-by a valve or valves, 2S, of" anysuitable pattern. (See Fig. l, Sheet l.) Two common globe-valves andbranch pipes will serve the purpose, one being closed when the other isopen. A special valve I describe further on. (See Fig. 17, Sheet (l.)

Sliding joints-then the pump is raised and lowered, the pressure-pipesleading from the actuating-engine to pump and the pumpdischarge pipemust rise and lower with it, as before suggested. The arrangement forthe discharge-pipe is simply to provide a branch elbow, 29, Fig. l, tothe mouth of' which a few feet of canvas hose is fastened. This hose (oriron pipe will do) telescopes into a wooden or iron conduit, Y, Fig. l,which dischargesinto the tank Z. To accommodate thcpressure-pipes thereis a girder, 30, Fig. l, across the shaft, from underneath which twolong sleeve-pipes, Figs. 1l and l2, are suspended- 011e for eachpipe-having a stuffing-box and gland at bottom. The pipes telescope intothese sleeves. At the top end there is the elbow 3l, to which the pipeis connccted,leading from the actuating-engine. The long'brackets 32,from which the sleeves depend, shield the elbows below from being struckby any matter falling down the shaft, which is a constant danger inmining; also, they serve to permit the sleeves to be suspended adistance out from the girder, which cannot be directly over thesleeves,owing to other pipes beingin the way.

Valves for hydraulic jac/.'.-On Sheet t, Fig. l?, I give a sectionalelevation of my triple valve, which is to operate the lifting-jack. Thetwo valves l-t are the smaller, and operate to supply and exhaust thecylinder of the jack. Thevalve 35 is larger, and this (there may be twoside by side, if preferred) connects between the two pipes leading fromthe actuating-engine to the pump. 36 is a lever,which has its fulcrum at37, on which the stems ot' the different alves rest7 adjustingscrews 3Spassing through thelever under the stems, to adjust the contact. Thevalves and the shell containing them are the same as l have beforedescribed,and illustrated on Sheet 5, excepting that the stems may besolid with the valves and not separated into two parts, as before. Thehole at 3f) opens into a pipe leading' to the high-pressure column, thehole l() to jack-cylimler, the hole -il to balance colnmnor tank, thehole -l-Ll to the tank, and the hole d3 to the pipes connecting betweenthe actuating-engines and the pumps. Vhen the valve 33 is lifted bythrowing up the handle li or pulling down the chain i5, thewaterpressure passes through to lift the ram, and

at the same time the valve 35 will be lifted to open a passage to letthe surplus water escape from the pipes connecting between theactuating-engine and the pump, which surplus is forced out inconsequence of the pipes telcscoping into the sleeves before mentioned.When the valve El is raised bythe reverse action of the lever, a passageto the balance column or tank is opened from the cylinder of the ram.'Valves $33 and 35 will then drop to their seats, and, the ram falling,the pump will be lowered.

lt is manifest that although the pump and actuating-engine are hereindescribed as having a certain number ot' rams each, it would be quitefeasible to arrange for a greater or less number-as, for instance, avery good pump might be made with a ram on 011e side only of thepump-ram, instead ot' one on both sides, orthree or four, or even more,might be used. This is amatter of" choice.

Vhat l claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isas follows:

l. A pumping apparatus consisting of a combination of' anactuating-engine moved by water-pressure, and having valves andvalveoperating mechanism to effect a. reciprocating motion. therein, anda pump to whichsaid motion is directly transmitted through pipes filledwith water, as and for the purpose described.

2. ln a pumping apparatus having a vertlically-acting pump, thecombination, with the said pump, of an actuating-engine moved bywater-pressure, having separate cylinders and TOO IIO

plungers to generate the pressure to supply each end of said pump, andin which separate cylinders different pressures may be produced to actalternately through leading pipes to purpose, substantially as hereindescribed.

4. The pump consisting of the differential plunger,with the dischargeand suction valves, all operating within suitable cylinders, incombination with side rams operated within their resp ective cylindersby water-pressure applied I thereto, and transmitting their motion tosaid differential plunger by being connected therewith, substantially,asv herein described.

5. In combination with a pump used for sinking purposes in a mine, ahydraulic lifting-jack consisting of a ram operating in a cylinder,which ra'm in raising carries up with it suspensory rods, to which thepump is at-A tached, substantially as and ior the purpose hereindescribed. y

6. In combination with a pump used for sinking purposes in a mine, and ahydraulic lifting-jack opcratingvto raise and lower the same, thesuspensory rods herein described, consisting of the side straps, 19,having the slotted holes therein, with cross-key 18, rods -20, havingshoulders 22, swinging rods 23,.

hanging from girder 15, and cross-bars 25, arranged and operatedsubstantiallyas described, and for the purpose set forth.

7. As a means of raising and lowering a hydraulic sinking-pump in avmine, the combination of a lifting-jack permanently located in the shaftabove said pump, and from which it is suitably suspended, and telescopicjoints for the pressure-supply pipes and dischargecolumn, substantiallyas herein described.

S. In combination with a hydraulic pump operated by an actuating-enginehaving, coincident duration of stroke, a safety device, substantially asherein described, consisting of valves, which are opened by suitablemechanism to give free communication between each end of said pump tothe effect of equalizing the pressure therein to arrest further motionupon completion of the stroke.

9. In combination with a hydraulic pump, the specific combination ofpartsconstituting the above safety device, consisting of the flat bar12, with wedges 14 14 thereon, bell-cranks 8 8', 4suitably supported,twin valves 3 3 in their respective cylinders 1 1', andconnecting-pipes, arranged and operated substantially as hereindescribed.

l0. The air-chamber, Fig. 16, consisting of a combination, with thevertical dischargepipe of the pump, of the envelope surrounding the sameand the bowl into which the end ofthe discharge-pipe dips, substantiallyas and for the purpose described.

l1. The triple valves shown in Fig. 17, consistingvof a combination ofthe valves '33 and 34, opening and closing passages between the cylinderof the lifting-jack and the pressure and balance column, respectively,the valve 35, opening and closing a .passage from the telescopic pipes,Figs. 11 and 12, to the open air, and the operating-lever 36,substantially as and for the purpose described.

12. In combination with a sinking-pump for mines, having sliding framein which it is periodically lifted and lowered, the telescoping leadingand discharge pipes andthe actuating-engine, substantially as hereindescribed.

GEORGE IV. DICKIE.

Witnesses:

GEORGE PARDY, SAML. F. BrRDsALL.

